コレクション

$collection = collect(['Taylor', 'Abigail', null])->map(function (?string $name) {
    return strtoupper($name);
})->reject(function (string $name) {
    return empty($name);
});

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;

Collection::macro('toUpper', function () {
    return $this->map(function (string $value) {
        return Str::upper($value);
    });
});

$collection = collect(['first', 'second']);

$upper = $collection->toUpper();

// ['FIRST', 'SECOND']

use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Lang;

Collection::macro('toLocale', function (string $locale) {
    return $this->map(function (string $value) use ($locale) {
        return Lang::get($value, [], $locale);
    });
});

$collection = collect(['first', 'second']);

$translated = $collection->toLocale('es');

// ['primero', 'segundo'];

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$multiplied = $collection->map(function (int $item, int $key) {
    return $item * 2;
});

$multiplied->all();

// [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]);

$filtered = $collection->filter(function (int $value, int $key) {
    return $value > 2;
});

$filtered->all();

// [3, 4]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, null, false, '', 0, []]);

$collection->filter()->all();

// [1, 2, 3]

$filtered = collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->reject(function (int $value, int $key) {
    return $value > 2;
});

$filtered->all();

// [1, 2]

$collection = collect([
    ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
    ['product' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150],
    ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100],
]);

$filtered = $collection->where('price', 100);

$filtered->all();

/*
    [
        ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
        ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100],
    ]
*/

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'Jim', 'platform' => 'Mac'],
    ['name' => 'Sally', 'platform' => 'Mac'],
    ['name' => 'Sue', 'platform' => 'Linux'],
]);

$filtered = $collection->where('platform', '!=', 'Linux');

$filtered->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'Jim', 'platform' => 'Mac'],
        ['name' => 'Sally', 'platform' => 'Mac'],
    ]
*/

$collection->whereBetween('price', [100, 200]);   // 100 以上 200 以下
$collection->whereNotBetween('price', [100, 200]); // 範囲の外
$collection->whereIn('price', [150, 200]);         // 150 か 200 のもの
$collection->whereNotIn('price', [150, 200]);      // 150 でも 200 でもないもの
$collection->whereNull('name');                    // name が null のもの
$collection->whereNotNull('name');                 // name が null でないもの
$collection->whereInstanceOf(User::class);         // User クラスのもの

$collection = collect([
    ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'],
    ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'],
]);

$plucked = $collection->pluck('name');

$plucked->all();

// ['Desk', 'Chair']

$plucked = $collection->pluck('name', 'product_id');

$plucked->all();

// ['prod-100' => 'Desk', 'prod-200' => 'Chair']

$collection = collect([
    [
        'name' => 'Laracon',
        'speakers' => [
            'first_day' => ['Rosa', 'Judith'],
        ],
    ],
    [
        'name' => 'VueConf',
        'speakers' => [
            'first_day' => ['Abigail', 'Joey'],
        ],
    ],
]);

$plucked = $collection->pluck('speakers.first_day');

$plucked->all();

// [['Rosa', 'Judith'], ['Abigail', 'Joey']]

$collection = collect([
    ['brand' => 'Tesla',  'color' => 'red'],
    ['brand' => 'Pagani', 'color' => 'white'],
    ['brand' => 'Tesla',  'color' => 'black'],
    ['brand' => 'Pagani', 'color' => 'orange'],
]);

$plucked = $collection->pluck('color', 'brand');

$plucked->all();

// ['Tesla' => 'black', 'Pagani' => 'orange']

collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->sum();
// 15

collect([1, 1, 2, 4])->avg();
// 2

collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->max();
// 5

collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->min();
// 1

collect([1, 1, 2, 4])->median();
// 1.5

collect([1, 1, 2, 2])->mode();
// [1, 2]

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'JavaScript: The Good Parts', 'pages' => 176],
    ['name' => 'JavaScript: The Definitive Guide', 'pages' => 1096],
]);

$collection->sum('pages');

// 1272

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'Chair', 'colors' => ['Black']],
    ['name' => 'Desk', 'colors' => ['Black', 'Mahogany']],
    ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'colors' => ['Red', 'Beige', 'Brown']],
]);

$collection->sum(function (array $product) {
    return count($product['colors']);
});

// 6

$collection = collect([1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3]);

$percentage = $collection->percentage(fn (int $value) => $value === 1);

// 33.33

$percentage = $collection->percentage(fn (int $value) => $value === 1, precision: 3);

// 33.333

collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->first(function (int $value, int $key) {
    return $value > 2;
});
// 3

collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->first();
// 1

collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->last();
// 4

$collection = collect(['name' => 'Taylor', 'framework' => 'Laravel']);

$collection->get('name');
// Taylor

$collection->get('age', 34);
// 34

$collection->get('email', function () {
    return 'taylor@example.com';
});
// taylor@example.com

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'Regena', 'age' => null],
    ['name' => 'Linda', 'age' => 14],
    ['name' => 'Diego', 'age' => 23],
    ['name' => 'Linda', 'age' => 84],
]);

$collection->firstWhere('name', 'Linda');
// ['name' => 'Linda', 'age' => 14]

$collection->firstWhere('age', '>=', 18);
// ['name' => 'Diego', 'age' => 23]

$collection->firstWhere('age');
// ['name' => 'Linda', 'age' => 14]（age が真と同じ扱いになる最初のもの）

collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->sole(function (int $value, int $key) {
    return $value === 2;
});
// 2

$collection = collect([
    ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
]);

$collection->sole('product', 'Chair');
// ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->contains(function (int $value, int $key) {
    return $value > 5;
});
// false

$collection = collect(['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100]);

$collection->contains('Desk');
// true

$collection = collect([
    ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
]);

$collection->contains('product', 'Bookcase');
// false

collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->every(function (int $value, int $key) {
    return $value > 2;
});
// false

collect([2, 4, 6, 8])->search(4);
// 1

collect([2, 4, 6, 8])->search('4', strict: true);
// false

collect([2, 4, 6, 8])->search(function (int $item, int $key) {
    return $item > 5;
});
// 2

$collection = collect(['account_id' => 1, 'product' => 'Desk', 'amount' => 5]);

$collection->has('product');
// true

$collection->has(['product', 'amount']);
// true

$collection->has(['amount', 'price']);
// false

$collection->hasAny(['product', 'price']);
// true

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->after(3);
// 4

$collection->after(5);
// null

$collection->before(3);
// 2

collect([2, 4, 6, 8])->after('4', strict: true);
// null

collect([2, 4, 6, 8])->after(function (int $item, int $key) {
    return $item > 5;
});
// 8

return $collection->ensure(User::class);

return $collection->ensure([User::class, Customer::class]);

return $collection->ensure('int');

$collection = collect([
    ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Chair'],
    ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Bookcase'],
    ['account_id' => 'account-x11', 'product' => 'Desk'],
]);

$grouped = $collection->groupBy('account_id');

$grouped->all();

/*
    [
        'account-x10' => [
            ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Chair'],
            ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Bookcase'],
        ],
        'account-x11' => [
            ['account_id' => 'account-x11', 'product' => 'Desk'],
        ],
    ]
*/

$grouped = $collection->groupBy(function (array $item, int $key) {
    return substr($item['account_id'], -3);
});

$grouped->all();

/*
    [
        'x10' => [
            ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Chair'],
            ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Bookcase'],
        ],
        'x11' => [
            ['account_id' => 'account-x11', 'product' => 'Desk'],
        ],
    ]
*/

$data = new Collection([
    10 => ['user' => 1, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_3']],
    20 => ['user' => 2, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_2']],
    30 => ['user' => 3, 'skill' => 2, 'roles' => ['Role_1']],
    40 => ['user' => 4, 'skill' => 2, 'roles' => ['Role_2']],
]);

$result = $data->groupBy(['skill', function (array $item) {
    return $item['roles'];
}], preserveKeys: true);

/*
[
    1 => [
        'Role_1' => [
            10 => ['user' => 1, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_3']],
            20 => ['user' => 2, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_2']],
        ],
        'Role_3' => [
            10 => ['user' => 1, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_3']],
        ],
        'Role_2' => [
            20 => ['user' => 2, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_2']],
        ],
    ],
    2 => [
        'Role_1' => [
            30 => ['user' => 3, 'skill' => 2, 'roles' => ['Role_1']],
        ],
        'Role_2' => [
            40 => ['user' => 4, 'skill' => 2, 'roles' => ['Role_2']],
        ],
    ],
];
*/

$collection = collect([
    ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'],
    ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'],
]);

$keyed = $collection->keyBy('product_id');

$keyed->all();

/*
    [
        'prod-100' => ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'],
        'prod-200' => ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'],
    ]
*/

$keyed = $collection->keyBy(function (array $item, int $key) {
    return strtoupper($item['product_id']);
});

/*
    [
        'PROD-100' => ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'],
        'PROD-200' => ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'],
    ]
*/

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]);

[$underThree, $equalOrAboveThree] = $collection->partition(function (int $i) {
    return $i < 3;
});

$underThree->all();

// [1, 2]

$equalOrAboveThree->all();

// [3, 4, 5, 6]

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'John Doe', 'department' => 'Sales'],
    ['name' => 'Jane Doe', 'department' => 'Sales'],
    ['name' => 'Johnny Doe', 'department' => 'Marketing'],
]);

$grouped = $collection->mapToGroups(function (array $item, int $key) {
    return [$item['department'] => $item['name']];
});

$grouped->all();

/*
    [
        'Sales' => ['John Doe', 'Jane Doe'],
        'Marketing' => ['Johnny Doe'],
    ]
*/

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'John', 'department' => 'Sales', 'email' => 'john@example.com'],
    ['name' => 'Jane', 'department' => 'Marketing', 'email' => 'jane@example.com'],
]);

$keyed = $collection->mapWithKeys(function (array $item, int $key) {
    return [$item['email'] => $item['name']];
});

$keyed->all();

/*
    [
        'john@example.com' => 'John',
        'jane@example.com' => 'Jane',
    ]
*/

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]);

$chunks = $collection->chunk(4);

$chunks->all();

// [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7]]

@foreach ($products->chunk(3) as $chunk)
    <div class="row">
        @foreach ($chunk as $product)
            <div class="col-xs-4">{{ $product->name }}</div>
        @endforeach
    </div>
@endforeach

$chunks = $products->chunkBy('parent');

$collection = collect([1, 1, 2, 2, 1]);

$chunks = $collection->chunkBy(fn (int $value) => $value);

$chunks->all();

// [[1, 1], [2, 2], [1]]

$collection = collect(str_split('AABBCCCD'));

$chunks = $collection->chunkWhile(function (string $value, int $key, Collection $chunk) {
    return $value === $chunk->last();
});

$chunks->all();

// [['A', 'A'], ['B', 'B'], ['C', 'C', 'C'], ['D']]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$groups = $collection->split(3);

$groups->all();

// [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5]]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]);

$groups = $collection->splitIn(3);

$groups->all();

// [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10]]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunks = $collection->sliding(2);

$chunks->toArray();

// [[1, 2], [2, 3], [3, 4], [4, 5]]

$chunks = $collection->sliding(3, step: 2);

$chunks->toArray();

// [[1, 2, 3], [3, 4, 5]]

$transactions->sliding(2)->eachSpread(function ($previous, $current) {
    $current->total = $previous->total + $current->amount;
});

$collection = collect([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->take(3)->all();
// [0, 1, 2]

$collection->take(-2)->all();
// [4, 5]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]);

$collection->skip(4)->all();
// [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

$collection->slice(4)->all();
// [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

$collection->slice(4, 2)->all();
// [5, 6]

collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])->forPage(2, 3)->all();
// [4, 5, 6]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]);

$collection->takeUntil(function (int $item) {
    return $item >= 3;
})->all();
// [1, 2]

$collection->takeUntil(3)->all();
// [1, 2]

$collection->takeWhile(function (int $item) {
    return $item < 3;
})->all();
// [1, 2]

$collection->skipUntil(function (int $item) {
    return $item >= 3;
})->all();
// [3, 4]

$collection->skipUntil(3)->all();
// [3, 4]

$collection->skipWhile(function (int $item) {
    return $item <= 3;
})->all();
// [4]

$collection = collect([5, 3, 1, 2, 4]);

$sorted = $collection->sort();

$sorted->values()->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ['name' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
    ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150],
]);

$sorted = $collection->sortBy('price');

$sorted->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
        ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150],
        ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ]
*/

$collection = collect([
    ['title' => 'Item 1'],
    ['title' => 'Item 12'],
    ['title' => 'Item 3'],
]);

$sorted = $collection->sortBy('title', SORT_NATURAL);

$sorted->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['title' => 'Item 1'],
        ['title' => 'Item 3'],
        ['title' => 'Item 12'],
    ]
*/

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'Desk', 'colors' => ['Black', 'Mahogany']],
    ['name' => 'Chair', 'colors' => ['Black']],
    ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'colors' => ['Red', 'Beige', 'Brown']],
]);

$sorted = $collection->sortBy(function (array $product, int $key) {
    return count($product['colors']);
});

$sorted->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'Chair', 'colors' => ['Black']],
        ['name' => 'Desk', 'colors' => ['Black', 'Mahogany']],
        ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'colors' => ['Red', 'Beige', 'Brown']],
    ]
*/

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'Taylor Otwell', 'age' => 34],
    ['name' => 'Abigail Otwell', 'age' => 30],
    ['name' => 'Taylor Otwell', 'age' => 36],
    ['name' => 'Abigail Otwell', 'age' => 32],
]);

$sorted = $collection->sortBy([
    ['name', 'asc'],
    ['age', 'desc'],
]);

$sorted->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'Abigail Otwell', 'age' => 32],
        ['name' => 'Abigail Otwell', 'age' => 30],
        ['name' => 'Taylor Otwell', 'age' => 36],
        ['name' => 'Taylor Otwell', 'age' => 34],
    ]
*/

$sorted = $collection->sortBy([
    fn (array $a, array $b) => $a['name'] <=> $b['name'],
    fn (array $a, array $b) => $b['age'] <=> $a['age'],
]);

$sorted->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'Abigail Otwell', 'age' => 32],
        ['name' => 'Abigail Otwell', 'age' => 30],
        ['name' => 'Taylor Otwell', 'age' => 36],
        ['name' => 'Taylor Otwell', 'age' => 34],
    ]
*/

$collection = collect([5, 3, 1, 2, 4]);

$sorted = $collection->sortDesc();

$sorted->values()->all();

// [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]

$collection = collect([
    'id' => 22345,
    'first' => 'John',
    'last' => 'Doe',
]);

$sorted = $collection->sortKeys();

$sorted->all();

/*
    [
        'first' => 'John',
        'id' => 22345,
        'last' => 'Doe',
    ]
*/

$collection = collect([
    'ID' => 22345,
    'first' => 'John',
    'last' => 'Doe',
]);

$sorted = $collection->sortKeysUsing('strnatcasecmp');

$sorted->all();

/*
    [
        'first' => 'John',
        'ID' => 22345,
        'last' => 'Doe',
    ]
*/

$collection = collect([
    [1, 2, 3],
    [4, 5, 6],
    [7, 8, 9],
]);

$collection->collapse()->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

$collection = collect([
    ['first'  => collect([1, 2, 3])],
    ['second' => [4, 5, 6]],
    ['third'  => collect([7, 8, 9])]
]);

$collection->collapseWithKeys()->all();

// [
//     'first'  => [1, 2, 3],
//     'second' => [4, 5, 6],
//     'third'  => [7, 8, 9],
// ]

$collection = collect([
    'name' => 'Taylor',
    'languages' => [
        'PHP', 'JavaScript'
    ]
]);

$collection->flatten()->all();

// ['Taylor', 'PHP', 'JavaScript'];

$collection = collect([
    'Apple' => [
        [
            'name' => 'iPhone 6S',
            'brand' => 'Apple'
        ],
    ],
    'Samsung' => [
        [
            'name' => 'Galaxy S7',
            'brand' => 'Samsung'
        ],
    ],
]);

$products = $collection->flatten(1);

$products->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'iPhone 6S', 'brand' => 'Apple'],
        ['name' => 'Galaxy S7', 'brand' => 'Samsung'],
    ]
*/

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'Sally'],
    ['school' => 'Arkansas'],
    ['age' => 28]
]);

$flattened = $collection->flatMap(function (array $values) {
    return array_map('strtoupper', $values);
});

$flattened->all();

// ['name' => 'SALLY', 'school' => 'ARKANSAS', 'age' => '28'];

$collection = collect(['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 100]]]);

$collection->dot()->all();

// ['products.desk.price' => 100]

$person = collect([
    'name.first_name' => 'Marie',
    'name.last_name' => 'Valentine',
    'address.line_1' => '2992 Eagle Drive',
    'address.line_2' => '',
    'address.suburb' => 'Detroit',
    'address.state' => 'MI',
    'address.postcode' => '48219'
]);

$person = $person->undot();

$person->toArray();

/*
    [
        "name" => [
            "first_name" => "Marie",
            "last_name" => "Valentine",
        ],
        "address" => [
            "line_1" => "2992 Eagle Drive",
            "line_2" => "",
            "suburb" => "Detroit",
            "state" => "MI",
            "postcode" => "48219",
        ],
    ]
*/

// combine：要素をキーにして、値と組にする
collect(['name', 'age'])->combine(['George', 29])->all();
// ['name' => 'George', 'age' => 29]

// concat：末尾に足す（キーは数字の連番に振り直される）
collect(['John Doe'])->concat(['Jane Doe'])->concat(['name' => 'Johnny Doe'])->all();
// ['John Doe', 'Jane Doe', 'Johnny Doe']

// merge：同じ文字列のキーは、渡したほうで上書き
collect(['product_id' => 1, 'price' => 100])->merge(['price' => 200, 'discount' => false])->all();
// ['product_id' => 1, 'price' => 200, 'discount' => false]

// merge：数字のキーは、末尾に足される
collect(['Desk', 'Chair'])->merge(['Bookcase', 'Door'])->all();
// ['Desk', 'Chair', 'Bookcase', 'Door']

// mergeRecursive：同じ文字列のキーの値は、配列にまとまる
collect(['product_id' => 1, 'price' => 100])->mergeRecursive([
    'product_id' => 2,
    'price' => 200,
    'discount' => false
])->all();
// ['product_id' => [1, 2], 'price' => [100, 200], 'discount' => false]

// union：同じキーは、元のほうを優先
collect([1 => ['a'], 2 => ['b']])->union([3 => ['c'], 1 => ['d']])->all();
// [1 => ['a'], 2 => ['b'], 3 => ['c']]

// replace：数字のキーも上書きする
collect(['Taylor', 'Abigail', 'James'])->replace([1 => 'Victoria', 3 => 'Finn'])->all();
// ['Taylor', 'Victoria', 'James', 'Finn']

// zip：同じ位置どうしを組にする
collect(['Chair', 'Desk'])->zip([100, 200])->all();
// [['Chair', 100], ['Desk', 200]]

$collection = collect([
    'Taylor',
    'Abigail',
    [
        'James',
        'Victoria',
        'Finn'
    ]
]);

$replaced = $collection->replaceRecursive([
    'Charlie',
    2 => [1 => 'King']
]);

$replaced->all();

// ['Charlie', 'Abigail', ['James', 'King', 'Finn']]

$collection = collect([1, 2]);

$matrix = $collection->crossJoin(['a', 'b']);

$matrix->all();

/*
    [
        [1, 'a'],
        [1, 'b'],
        [2, 'a'],
        [2, 'b'],
    ]
*/

$matrix = $collection->crossJoin(['a', 'b'], ['I', 'II']);

$matrix->all();

/*
    [
        [1, 'a', 'I'],
        [1, 'a', 'II'],
        [1, 'b', 'I'],
        [1, 'b', 'II'],
        [2, 'a', 'I'],
        [2, 'a', 'II'],
        [2, 'b', 'I'],
        [2, 'b', 'II'],
    ]
*/

// diff：元にあって、渡したものに無い値
collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->diff([2, 4, 6, 8])->all();
// [1, 3, 5]

// diffAssoc：キーと値の組で比べる
collect(['color' => 'orange', 'type' => 'fruit', 'remain' => 6])->diffAssoc([
    'color' => 'yellow',
    'type' => 'fruit',
    'remain' => 3,
    'used' => 6,
])->all();
// ['color' => 'orange', 'remain' => 6]

// diffKeys：キーで比べる
collect([
    'one' => 10,
    'two' => 20,
    'three' => 30,
    'four' => 40,
    'five' => 50,
])->diffKeys([
    'two' => 2,
    'four' => 4,
    'six' => 6,
    'eight' => 8,
])->all();
// ['one' => 10, 'three' => 30, 'five' => 50]

// intersect：渡したものにもある値（キーは残る）
collect(['Desk', 'Sofa', 'Chair'])->intersect(['Desk', 'Chair', 'Bookcase'])->all();
// [0 => 'Desk', 2 => 'Chair']

// intersectAssoc：キーと値の組が同じもの
collect(['color' => 'red', 'size' => 'M', 'material' => 'cotton'])->intersectAssoc([
    'color' => 'blue',
    'size' => 'M',
    'material' => 'polyester'
])->all();
// ['size' => 'M']

// intersectByKeys：キーが同じもの
collect(['serial' => 'UX301', 'type' => 'screen', 'year' => 2009])->intersectByKeys([
    'reference' => 'UX404', 'type' => 'tab', 'year' => 2011,
])->all();
// ['type' => 'screen', 'year' => 2009]

$collection = collect([
    'color' => 'orange',
    'type' => 'fruit',
    'remain' => 6,
]);

$diff = $collection->diffAssocUsing([
    'Color' => 'yellow',
    'Type' => 'fruit',
    'Remain' => 3,
], 'strnatcasecmp');

$diff->all();

// ['color' => 'orange', 'remain' => 6]

$collection = collect(['Desk', 'Sofa', 'Chair']);

$intersect = $collection->intersectUsing(['desk', 'chair', 'bookcase'], function (string $a, string $b) {
    return strcasecmp($a, $b);
});

$intersect->all();

// [0 => 'Desk', 2 => 'Chair']

$collection = collect([
    'color' => 'red',
    'Size' => 'M',
    'material' => 'cotton',
]);

$intersect = $collection->intersectAssocUsing([
    'color' => 'blue',
    'size' => 'M',
    'material' => 'polyester',
], function (string $a, string $b) {
    return strcasecmp($a, $b);
});

$intersect->all();

// ['Size' => 'M']

$collection = collect([1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 2]);

$collection->unique()->values()->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 4]

collect(['a', 'b', 'a', 'c', 'b'])->duplicates();

// [2 => 'a', 4 => 'b']

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'iPhone 6', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'phone'],
    ['name' => 'iPhone 5', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'phone'],
    ['name' => 'Apple Watch', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'watch'],
    ['name' => 'Galaxy S6', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'phone'],
    ['name' => 'Galaxy Gear', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'watch'],
]);

$unique = $collection->unique('brand');

$unique->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'iPhone 6', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'phone'],
        ['name' => 'Galaxy S6', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'phone'],
    ]
*/

$unique = $collection->unique(function (array $item) {
    return $item['brand'].$item['type'];
});

$unique->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'iPhone 6', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'phone'],
        ['name' => 'Apple Watch', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'watch'],
        ['name' => 'Galaxy S6', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'phone'],
        ['name' => 'Galaxy Gear', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'watch'],
    ]
*/

$employees = collect([
    ['email' => 'abigail@example.com', 'position' => 'Developer'],
    ['email' => 'james@example.com', 'position' => 'Designer'],
    ['email' => 'victoria@example.com', 'position' => 'Developer'],
]);

$employees->duplicates('position');

// [2 => 'Developer']

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]);

$collection->each(function (int $item, int $key) {
    // ...
});

// 途中で止めたいときは false を返す
$collection->each(function (int $item, int $key) {
    if (/* condition */) {
        return false;
    }
});

$collection = collect([['John Doe', 35], ['Jane Doe', 33]]);

$collection->eachSpread(function (string $name, int $age) {
    // ...
});

$collection = collect([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]);

$chunks = $collection->chunk(2);

$sequence = $chunks->mapSpread(function (int $even, int $odd) {
    return $even + $odd;
});

$sequence->all();

// [1, 5, 9, 13, 17]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

$total = $collection->reduce(function (?int $carry, int $item) {
    return $carry + $item;
});

// 6

$collection->reduce(function (int $carry, int $item) {
    return $carry + $item;
}, 4);

// 10

$collection = collect([
    'usd' => 1400,
    'gbp' => 1200,
    'eur' => 1000,
]);

$ratio = [
    'usd' => 1,
    'gbp' => 1.37,
    'eur' => 1.22,
];

$collection->reduce(function (int $carry, int $value, string $key) use ($ratio) {
    return $carry + ($value * $ratio[$key]);
}, 0);

// 4264

class OrderStats
{
    public int $total = 0;

    public int $count = 0;
}

$orders = collect([
    ['amount' => 100],
    ['amount' => 250],
    ['amount' => 50],
]);

$stats = $orders->reduceInto(new OrderStats, function (OrderStats $stats, array $order) {
    $stats->total += $order['amount'];
    $stats->count++;
});

$stats->total;

// 400

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$even = $collection->reduceInto([], function (array &$result, int $value) {
    if ($value % 2 === 0) {
        $result[] = $value;
    }
});

// [2, 4]

[$creditsRemaining, $batch] = Image::where('status', 'unprocessed')
    ->get()
    ->reduceSpread(function (int $creditsRemaining, Collection $batch, Image $image) {
        if ($creditsRemaining >= $image->creditsRequired()) {
            $batch->push($image);

            $creditsRemaining -= $image->creditsRequired();
        }

        return [$creditsRemaining, $batch];
    }, $creditsAvailable, collect());

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

$piped = $collection->pipe(function (Collection $collection) {
    return $collection->sum();
});

// 6

class ResourceCollection
{
    /**
     * Create a new ResourceCollection instance.
     */
    public function __construct(
        public Collection $collection,
    ) {}
}

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

$resource = $collection->pipeInto(ResourceCollection::class);

$resource->collection->all();

// [1, 2, 3]

use Illuminate\Support\Collection;

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

$result = $collection->pipeThrough([
    function (Collection $collection) {
        return $collection->merge([4, 5]);
    },
    function (Collection $collection) {
        return $collection->sum();
    },
]);

// 15

collect([2, 4, 3, 1, 5])
    ->sort()
    ->tap(function (Collection $collection) {
        Log::debug('Values after sorting', $collection->values()->all());
    })
    ->shift();

// 1

class Currency
{
    /**
     * Create a new currency instance.
     */
    function __construct(
        public string $code,
    ) {}
}

$collection = collect(['USD', 'EUR', 'GBP']);

$currencies = $collection->mapInto(Currency::class);

$currencies->all();

// [Currency('USD'), Currency('EUR'), Currency('GBP')]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

$collection->when(true, function (Collection $collection, bool $value) {
    return $collection->push(4);
});

$collection->when(false, function (Collection $collection, bool $value) {
    return $collection->push(5);
});

$collection->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 4]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

$collection->when(false, function (Collection $collection, bool $value) {
    return $collection->push(4);
}, function (Collection $collection, bool $value) {
    return $collection->push(5);
});

$collection->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 5]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

$collection->unless(true, function (Collection $collection, bool $value) {
    return $collection->push(4);
});

$collection->unless(false, function (Collection $collection, bool $value) {
    return $collection->push(5);
});

$collection->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 5]

$collection = collect(['Michael', 'Tom']);

$collection->whenEmpty(function (Collection $collection) {
    return $collection->push('Adam');
});

$collection->all();

// ['Michael', 'Tom']

$collection = collect();

$collection->whenEmpty(function (Collection $collection) {
    return $collection->push('Adam');
});

$collection->all();

// ['Adam']

$collection = collect(['Michael', 'Tom']);

$collection->whenEmpty(function (Collection $collection) {
    return $collection->push('Adam');
}, function (Collection $collection) {
    return $collection->push('Taylor');
});

$collection->all();

// ['Michael', 'Tom', 'Taylor']

$collection = collect(['Michael', 'Tom']);

$collection->whenNotEmpty(function (Collection $collection) {
    return $collection->push('Adam');
});

$collection->all();

// ['Michael', 'Tom', 'Adam']

$collection = collect();

$collection->whenNotEmpty(function (Collection $collection) {
    return $collection->push('Adam');
}, function (Collection $collection) {
    return $collection->push('Taylor');
});

$collection->all();

// ['Taylor']

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->pop();
// 5（collection は [1, 2, 3, 4] になる）

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->pop(3);
// collect([5, 4, 3])（collection は [1, 2] になる）

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->shift();
// 1（collection は [2, 3, 4, 5] になる）

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->shift(3);
// collect([1, 2, 3])（collection は [4, 5] になる）

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->prepend(0);
// [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

$collection = collect(['one' => 1, 'two' => 2]);

$collection->prepend(0, 'zero');
// ['zero' => 0, 'one' => 1, 'two' => 2]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]);

$collection->push(5);
// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

$collection->push(6, 7);
// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]

$collection = collect(['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk']);

$collection->put('price', 100);
// ['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100]

$collection = collect(['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk']);

$collection->pull('name');
// 'Desk'（collection は ['product_id' => 'prod-100'] になる）

$collection = collect(['name' => 'Taylor', 'framework' => 'Laravel']);

$collection->forget('name');
// ['framework' => 'Laravel']

$collection->forget(['name', 'framework']);
// []

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunk = $collection->splice(2);

$chunk->all();

// [3, 4, 5]

$collection->all();

// [1, 2]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunk = $collection->splice(2, 1);

$chunk->all();

// [3]

$collection->all();

// [1, 2, 4, 5]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunk = $collection->splice(2, 1, [10, 11]);

$chunk->all();

// [3]

$collection->all();

// [1, 2, 10, 11, 4, 5]

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->transform(function (int $item, int $key) {
    return $item * 2;
});

$collection->all();

// [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]

// avg・average
collect([['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 20], ['foo' => 40]])->avg('foo');
// 20

// count と countBy
collect([1, 2, 2, 2, 3])->countBy()->all();
// [1 => 1, 2 => 3, 3 => 1]

$collection = collect(['alice@gmail.com', 'bob@yahoo.com', 'carlos@gmail.com']);

$collection->countBy(function (string $email) {
    return substr(strrchr($email, '@'), 1);
})->all();
// ['gmail.com' => 2, 'yahoo.com' => 1]

// flip
collect(['name' => 'Taylor', 'framework' => 'Laravel'])->flip()->all();
// ['Taylor' => 'name', 'Laravel' => 'framework']

// hasMany と hasSole
collect([1, 2, 3])->hasMany();
// true

collect(['1'])->hasSole();
// true

collect([1, 2, 3])->hasSole(fn (int $item) => $item === 2);
// true

// implode
collect([
    ['account_id' => 1, 'product' => 'Desk'],
    ['account_id' => 2, 'product' => 'Chair'],
])->implode('product', ', ');
// 'Desk, Chair'

collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->implode('-');
// '1-2-3-4-5'

// join
collect(['a', 'b', 'c'])->join(', ');              // 'a, b, c'
collect(['a', 'b', 'c'])->join(', ', ', and ');    // 'a, b, and c'
collect(['a', 'b'])->join(', ', ' and ');          // 'a and b'
collect(['a'])->join(', ', ' and ');               // 'a'
collect([])->join(', ', ' and ');                  // ''

// keys
collect([
    'prod-100' => ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'],
    'prod-200' => ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'],
])->keys()->all();
// ['prod-100', 'prod-200']

// values
collect([
    10 => ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    11 => ['product' => 'Speaker', 'price' => 400],
])->values()->all();
// [0 => ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], 1 => ['product' => 'Speaker', 'price' => 400]]

// value
collect([
    ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ['product' => 'Speaker', 'price' => 400],
])->value('price');
// 200

// multiply
collect([['name' => 'User #1'], ['name' => 'User #2']])->multiply(3);
// User #1・User #2 が、3回くり返される（全部で6件）

// nth
collect(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'])->nth(4);
// ['a', 'e']

collect(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'])->nth(4, 1);
// ['b', 'f']（2番目の引数は、はじめの位置）

// only と except
collect(['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100, 'discount' => false])
    ->only(['product_id', 'name'])->all();
// ['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk']

collect(['product_id' => 1, 'price' => 100, 'discount' => false])
    ->except(['price', 'discount'])->all();
// ['product_id' => 1]

// pad（マイナスなら左を埋める）
collect(['A', 'B', 'C'])->pad(5, 0)->all();
// ['A', 'B', 'C', 0, 0]

collect(['A', 'B', 'C'])->pad(-5, 0)->all();
// [0, 0, 'A', 'B', 'C']

// random
collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->random();
// 4（ランダム）

collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->random(3)->all();
// [2, 4, 5]（ランダム）

// range・times
collect()->range(3, 6)->all();
// [3, 4, 5, 6]

Collection::times(10, function (int $number) {
    return $number * 9;
})->all();
// [9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90]

// reverse
collect(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'])->reverse()->all();
// [4 => 'e', 3 => 'd', 2 => 'c', 1 => 'b', 0 => 'a']

// select
collect([
    ['name' => 'Taylor Otwell', 'role' => 'Developer', 'status' => 'active'],
    ['name' => 'Victoria Faith', 'role' => 'Researcher', 'status' => 'active'],
])->select(['name', 'role']);
// [['name' => 'Taylor Otwell', 'role' => 'Developer'], ['name' => 'Victoria Faith', 'role' => 'Researcher']]

// shuffle
collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->shuffle()->all();
// [3, 2, 5, 1, 4]（ランダム）

// toArray・toJson・toPrettyJson
collect(['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200])->toArray();
// ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200]

collect(['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200])->toJson();
// '{"name":"Desk","price":200}'

// unwrap と wrap
Collection::unwrap(collect('John Doe'));
// ['John Doe']

Collection::unwrap('John Doe');
// 'John Doe'

Collection::wrap('John Doe')->all();
// ['John Doe']

// zip
collect(['Chair', 'Desk'])->zip([100, 200])->all();
// [['Chair', 100], ['Desk', 200]]

use Illuminate\Support\Collection;

$random = $collection->random(fn (Collection $items) => min(10, count($items)));

$random->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] - (retrieved randomly)

$lazyCollection = LazyCollection::make(function () {
    yield 1;
    yield 2;
    yield 3;
});

$collection = $lazyCollection->collect();

$collection::class;

// 'Illuminate\Support\Collection'

$collection->all();

// [1, 2, 3]

$count = $hugeCollection
    ->lazy()
    ->where('country', 'FR')
    ->where('balance', '>', '100')
    ->count();

$collection = collect(['John Doe', 'Jane Doe']);

$collection->dump();

$collection->dd();

/*
    array:2 [
        0 => "John Doe"
        1 => "Jane Doe"
    ]
*/

use App\Models\User;

$users = User::where('votes', '>', 500)->get();

$users->each->markAsVip();

$users = User::where('group', 'Development')->get();

return $users->sum->votes;

use App\Models\LogEntry;
use Illuminate\Support\LazyCollection;

LazyCollection::make(function () {
    $handle = fopen('log.txt', 'r');

    while (($line = fgets($handle)) !== false) {
        yield $line;
    }

    fclose($handle);
})->chunk(4)->map(function (LazyCollection $lines) {
    return LogEntry::fromLines($lines);
})->each(function (LogEntry $logEntry) {
    // Process the log entry...
});

use App\Models\User;

$users = User::all()->filter(function (User $user) {
    return $user->id > 500;
});

use App\Models\User;

$users = User::cursor()->filter(function (User $user) {
    return $user->id > 500;
});

foreach ($users as $user) {
    echo $user->id;
}

use Illuminate\Support\LazyCollection;

LazyCollection::make(function () {
    $handle = fopen('log.txt', 'r');

    while (($line = fgets($handle)) !== false) {
        yield $line;
    }

    fclose($handle);
});

$lazyCollection = LazyCollection::times(INF)
    ->takeUntilTimeout(now()->plus(minutes: 1));

$lazyCollection->each(function (int $number) {
    dump($number);

    sleep(1);
});

// 1
// 2
// ...
// 58
// 59

use App\Models\Invoice;
use Illuminate\Support\Carbon;

Invoice::pending()->cursor()
    ->takeUntilTimeout(
        Carbon::createFromTimestamp(LARAVEL_START)->add(14, 'minutes')
    )
    ->each(fn (Invoice $invoice) => $invoice->submit());

// ここまでは、まだ何も表示されない
$lazyCollection = LazyCollection::times(INF)->tapEach(function (int $value) {
    dump($value);
});

// 3つ取り出すので、3つ表示される
$array = $lazyCollection->take(3)->all();

// 1
// 2
// 3

use App\Models\User;

User::where('vip', true)
    ->cursor()
    ->throttle(seconds: 1)
    ->each(function (User $user) {
        // Call external API...
    });

// まだ問い合わせは実行されていない
$users = User::cursor()->remember();

// 問い合わせが実行される
// 最初の5人をデータベースから取り出す
$users->take(5)->all();

// 最初の5人は、覚えておいたものを使う
// 残りは、データベースから取り出す
$users->take(20)->all();

use Carbon\CarbonInterval;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;

$lock = Cache::lock('generate-reports', seconds: 60 * 5);

if ($lock->get()) {
    try {
        Report::where('status', 'pending')
            ->lazy()
            ->withHeartbeat(
                CarbonInterval::minutes(4),
                fn () => $lock->refresh()
            )
            ->each(fn ($report) => $report->process());
    } finally {
        $lock->release();
    }
}